Key result
Modified LDLs trigger macrophage circular ruffles, whereas native LDL and betaVLDL stimulate microvilli.
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Demonstrates that modified LDLs stimulate membrane ruffling in macrophages, suggesting potential implications for foam cell formation.
Macrophage foam cell formation in vitro requires uptake of modified low density lipoproteins (LDL) such as acetylated LDL (AcLDL) and moderately oxidized LDL (OxLDL), or beta-migrating very low density lipoprotein (betaVLDL), a naturally occurring lipoprotein. Incubation ofmacrophages with AcLDL and OxLDL resulted in stimulation of membrane ruffle formation, while betaVLDL primarily resulted in increased numbers of microvilli. Time-lapse Allen video enhanced contrast differential interference contrast (AVEC-DIC) light microscopy and correlative whole mount intermediate-voltage transmission electron microscopy (IVEM) was used to examine the dynamics ofAcLDL stimulated membrane ruffling and membrane ruffle ultrastructure. Stereo 3D surface replicas confirmed that AcLDL bound to these AcLDL-induced membrane ruffles. Quantification of the plasma membrane surface area after incubation with AcLDL, betaVLDL or LDL confirmed that AcLDL stimulated membrane ruffling, while betaVLDL and LDL stimulated microvilli formation. These studies suggest that modified LDLs induce circular membrane ruffles and modified LDLs bind to these ligand-induced membrane ruffles.
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Jones et al. (1999) studied Macrophage foam cell formation. Modified LDLs (AcLDL and OxLDL) vs. betaVLDL and LDL was evaluated on Membrane ruffle and microvilli formation. Incubation of macrophages with modified LDLs (AcLDL and OxLDL) stimulated circular membrane ruffle formation and binding, whereas betaVLDL and LDL primarily stimulated microvilli formation.
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