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April 8, 2026Leukemia ResearchOpen Access

Retrospective, single-center analysis of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation versus non-transplant regimens for acute myeloid leukemia patients with relapse after first transplantation

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Authors

DSDaniel SchütteECEva-Maria CallMFMoritz Fürstenau

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Overview

Retrospective analysis compares overall survival between second allogeneic stem cell transplantation and transplant-free regimens in AML patients after relapse, highlighting implications for...

Key Points

  • To assess the therapeutic efficacy of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT2) versus non-transplant regimens in AML patients relapsing after first transplantation.
  • Retrospective cohort study of 143 AML patients relapsed after ASCT1, with 54 receiving ASCT2 and 89 undergoing non-transplant regimens.
  • Follow-up duration of median 5.8 months from relapse.
  • ASCT2 patients had significantly better overall survival (OS) of 425 days versus 80 days for no-ASCT2 (p = 0.002).
  • One- and two-year survival rates for ASCT2 were 53.1%/39.0% compared to 30.0%/22.3% for no-ASCT2.
  • Complete remission prior to ASCT2 was the strongest predictor of survival among ASCT2 patients.

Cite This Study

Schütte et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a415c8cef8b3439f072579fhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2026.108228
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