Key result
High salt intake during puberty in both lean and obese male Wistar rats led to increased blood pressure, impaired baroreflex sensitivity, and cardiac remodelling in adulthood.
Why the study?
High-salt diets are associated with hypertension and cardiac remodelling, but the effects of cardiometabolic programming from high-salt intake during puberty in lean and obese states were unclear.
Does high salt intake during puberty exacerbate cardiovascular impairment in lean and obese male Wistar rats?
Does high salt intake during puberty exacerbate cardiovascular impairment in lean and obese male Wistar rats?
High salt intake during puberty and early postnatal overnutrition independently induce long-term cardiovascular damage and cardiac remodeling in rats, though their combination does not synergistically worsen most parameters.
Modern lifestyle increases the prevalence of obesity and its co-morbidities in the young population. High-salt (HS) diets are associated with hypertension and cardiac remodelling. The present study evaluated the potential effects of cardiometabolic programming induced by HS intake during puberty in lean and obese rats. Additionally, we investigated whether HS could exacerbate the impairment of cardiovascular parameters in adult life due to postnatal early overnutrition (PO). At postnatal day 3 (PN3), twenty-four litters of Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normal litter (NL, nine pups/dam) and small litter (SL, three pups/dam) throughout the lactation period; weaning was at PN21. At PN30, the pups were subdivided into two more groups: NL plus HS (NLHS) and SL plus HS (SLHS). HS intake was from PN30 until PN60. Cardiovascular parameters were evaluated at PN120. SL rats became overweight at adulthood due to persistent hyperphagia; however, HS exposure during puberty reduced the weight gain and food intake of NLHS and SLHS. Both HS and obesity raised the blood pressure, impaired baro- and chemoreflex sensitivity and induced cardiac remodelling but no worsening was observed in the association of these factors, except a little reduction in the angiotensin type-2 receptor in the hearts from SLHS animals. Our results suggest that the response of newborn offspring to PO and juveniles to a HS diet leads to significant changes in cardiovascular parameters in adult rats. This damage may be accompanied by impairment of both angiotensin signalling and antioxidant defence in the heart.
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Rosa et al. (2019) studied Hypertension and cardiac remodeling (n=72). High salt intake vs. Tap water was evaluated on Cardiovascular parameters including systolic blood pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, and cardiac morphology at postnatal day 120 (p=<0.05). High salt intake during puberty in both lean and obese male Wistar rats led to increased blood pressure, impaired baroreflex sensitivity, and cardiac remodelling in adulthood.
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