Metabolic Profiling of Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Obesity, Uric acid and Thyroid disorders: A multicentric study

Aim: Profiling of metabolic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperuricemia, heart disease and thyroid disorders which make a significant reason of morbidity and economical burden. Methods: A multicentric, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted in various urban regions of India. Participants aged 18 years and older were included by convenience sampling. The survey collected self-reported data on diabetes, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, heart disease, hypothyroidism, and obesity. It was also compared them to the actual figures reported in the ICMR INDIAB study. Results: A total of 968 responses were analyzed. The age was between 40 and 60 years; 56.19% were males. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes, hypertension and obesity were 14.77%, 20.87% and 41.63% respectively while lipid abnormalities, hypothyroidism, heart disease and hyperuricemia were reported by 20.35%, 8.47%, 6.2% and 6.82% respectively, reflecting the substantial burden of metabolic diseases in population. There was a huge difference in prevalence of self reported hypertension [202/968 (20.87 %)] and dyslipidaemia [197 (20.35%)] reported in this study and prevalence of detected hypertension and dyslipidemia in other studies (40.7% and 82.9% respectively). Similarly, there was a large difference seen in thyroid and uric acid disorders reported in this study [82/968 (8.47%) and 66/968 (6.82%) respectively)] and other previous studies (28.6% and 20-25% respectively). The figures of obesity and diabetes were similar in the compared studies. Conclusion: Metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity are highly prevalent in the population. However, there is either poor awareness or denial regarding these. This study gives quantitative figures of burden of metabolic disorders and also reveals discrepancy in self reported and actual figures, pointing towards lack of awareness or denial about them. It thus highlights the need to targeted public health interventions to mitigate the rising burden of metabolic disorders.