Examines patient experiences and interventions for reducing pharmaceutical waste, suggesting innovative solutions.
Pharmaceutical waste (PW) poses environmental, economic and public health challenges, yet effective solutions remain underexplored. This study used a co-design approach across two NHS Scotland workshops to examine medicine-use experiences and generate interventions. Three concepts emerged: transparent patient packaging, a tactile communication aid and a gamified virtual medicine-cabinet app, highlighting the value of bottom-up design methods for addressing PW.
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MacLean et al. (2026) studied this question.
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