Understanding and preventing behavioural rebound effects: a design tool for sustainable design across contexts

Solar photovoltaic systems are a key renewable energy solution, but behavioural rebound effects offset their environmental potential. As Solar Home System adoption expands in low- to middle-income countries, understanding how contextual factors (e.g., social norms) shape these effects is crucial, yet research on this topic is scarce. Through a systematic literature review, this study identifies 15 contextual factors influencing behavioural rebound mechanisms (BRM). Findings are integrated into a design tool, helping developers analyse contexts, anticipate BRM, and apply prevention strategies.