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Abstract Driven by the goals of carbon neutrality, electrochemical storage technologies play a vital role in supporting the integration of renewable energy and reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The Mn-based rechargeable battery (MnRB) is gaining significant attention in the battery industry due to its high voltage platform and high energy density, making it a potential alternative in the e-bike and energy storage system area. The safety performance of MnRB is crucial for its widespread application. However, there has been a scarcity of studies evaluating the safety of MnRB. In this study, the thermal safety behavior of a commercial Mn-based composite cathode battery from the perspectives of "heat generation-gas emission- explosion risks". Its safety performance was compared with that of existing batteries using Li(Ni x Co y Mn z )O 2 and LiFePO 4 (LFP) as cathode materials. The results indicate that MnRB exhibits a higher triggering temperature, 0.8% lower than Li(Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 )O 2 (NCM523) and approximately 12.7% lower than LFP. MnRB's normalized gas emission during thermal runway (TR) is 1.3% lower than that of NCM523, with the primary gas components being CO, H 2 , and CO 2 . The lower explosion limit of MnRB is approximately 2.7% lower than NCM523 and 44.0% higher than LFP. MnRB exhibits intermediate thermal stability and combustion-explosion characteristics between NCM523 and LFP. This study provides valuable data on MnRB's TR behavior, offering a comprehensive assessment of MnRB's intrinsic safety performance through quantitative evaluation. The findings present clear directions for designing, optimizing, and implementing safety measures for MnRB against TR.
Xu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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