Role of Multimodality Imaging in Diagnosis, Characterization, Staging, Treatment, and Follow-up of Ovarian Malignancy

Ovarian cancer remains a significant public health burden and is currently the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide. The prognosis is poor due to late-stage diagnosis and peritoneal dissemination. The relapse rate of ovarian cancer is as high as 70 to 85%. A multimodality imaging approach, integrating ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography-computed tomography, plays a crucial role in early detection, precise staging, surgical planning, monitoring treatment response, and detecting recurrence. Radiomics and artificial intelligence may offer enhanced lesion characterization and prognostication for personalized treatment guidance. This review consolidates the vital role of imaging in diagnosis and staging, thereby optimizing outcomes.