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This work examines how structural design in superlattices affects their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.

Self-Polarization and Zero-Bias Piezoelectricity Driven by Giant Interfacial Strain Gradient in Lead-Free BiFeO 3 /BaTiO 3 Superlattices

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Randomized trial investigates piezoelectric properties in lead-free superlattices, indicating enhanced performance.

This work examines how structural design in superlattices affects their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.
Utilized pulsed laser deposition to grow (BiFeO3)0.65/(BaTiO3)0.35 superlattices on SrTiO3 substrates.
Conducted comprehensive structural analyses using high-resolution X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy.
Performed ferroelectric and dielectric measurements to assess the materials' electrical properties.
BTO layers exhibit compressive strain, enhancing tetragonality, while BFO layers show tensile strain with reduced tetragonality relative to bulk.
Superlattices with Λ ≥ 95 Å display interfacial strain gradients of approximately 10^5 m–1, establishing a self-polarized state with an internal bias field of Es ≈ −200 kV/cm.
Ferroelectric measurements confirm enhanced polarization and permittivity for shorter modulation periods, indicating potential for advanced piezoelectric devices.

Kardous et al. (2026) studied this question.

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