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July 10, 2026Interactive Learning Environments

A large-scale SEM study of the presence, process and achievement model for online learning in higher education

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Authors

İBİbrahim Hakkı BulutSUSerkan Uçan

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Overview

Large-scale SEM study investigates the influence of teaching and social presence on online learning outcomes in university students, suggesting improvements to educational practices.

Key Points

  • To develop and test a model that connects instructional context to students' online learning processes and perceived achievement.
  • Survey data from 2874 university students analyzed using split-sample exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modelling.
  • Evaluated relationships between teaching presence, social presence, and self-regulatory processes in online learning.
  • Assessed correlations between collaborative interactions and perceived academic achievement.
  • Teaching and social presence were positively associated with regulation of motivation (p < 0.01).
  • Regulation of motivation predicted regulation of cognition (p < 0.01).
  • All hypothesized paths in the model were significant, indicating that enhancing teaching and social presence can improve online learning outcomes.

Cite This Study

Bulut et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a508c2d6eeac72a437a05ddhttps://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2026.2694690
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Role of Social Presence in Mediating Learning Satisfaction in Online Learning2024
  2. 2TEACHING PRESENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLES OF SOCIAL AND COGNITIVE PRESENCES2026
  3. 3Examining Key Determinants of Social Presence and Satisfaction in Online Learning: An Exploration with Undergraduate Student2024 · 2 citations
  4. 4Factors Influencing Undergraduate Students’ Online Learning Outcomes: A Structural Equation Modeling2024 · 7 citations
  5. 5Influence of Teaching and Social Presence on Cognitive Presence in Ethiopian Online Learning2025 · 1 citations