Women and Cardiovascular Disease: The Gender Gap—A Life-Course and Sex-Specific Perspective

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Editorial. Population: Cardiovascular disease.

Sandra Eifert

doi:10.3390/jcdd13070316

July 8, 2026Journal of Cardiovascular Development and DiseaseOpen Access

Women and Cardiovascular Disease: The Gender Gap—A Life-Course and Sex-Specific Perspective

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Share

Key result

A sex- and gender-sensitive, life-course-oriented approach to cardiovascular medicine is essential to address persistent disparities and improve cardiovascular health and longevity for women.

Key Points

Synthesize evidence on sex- and gender-specific determinants of cardiovascular disease across the female lifespan to address persistent diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic disparities.
Compiled and evaluated eight contributions spanning pregnancy-related heart disorders, ischemic heart disease, left ventricular assist device outcomes, and sex-specific pharmacology.
Assessed registry data, including the INTERMACS Registry, alongside evidence regarding reproductive milestones and psychosocial stressors.
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death among women globally, yet historical underrepresentation in clinical trials continues to produce gaps in diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes, hormonal transitions, and psychosocial stress serve as early biological indicators of elevated risk for conditions including peripartum cardiomyopathy, INOCA, MINOCA, and SCAD.
Gender-tailored clinical strategies, including multidisciplinary Heart Team decision-making and individualized pharmacotherapy, are necessary to overcome disparities in clinical outcomes.

PICO

P

Population

Cardiovascular disease

Implication

This editorial highlights the need for a sex- and gender-sensitive, life-course-oriented approach to cardiovascular medicine to address disparities and improve outcomes for women.

Discussion

No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.

Cite This Study

Sandra Eifert (2026) conducted an editorial in Cardiovascular disease. A sex- and gender-sensitive, life-course-oriented approach to cardiovascular medicine is essential to address persistent disparities and improve cardiovascular health and longevity for women.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a508d536eeac72a437a0dff https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd13070316

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Share

Women and Cardiovascular Disease: The Gender Gap—A Life-Course and Sex-Specific Perspective

Key Points

PICO

Implication

Discussion

Cite This Study

Women and Cardiovascular Disease: The Gender Gap—A Life-Course and Sex-Specific Perspective

Key Points

PICO

Implication

Discussion

Cite This Study

Keep reading

Keep reading