Triglyceride-glucose index, as a marker for predicting cardiovascular complications

Cardiometabolic disorders make a significant contribution to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Insulin resistance is the main pathogenetic mechanism in triggering a cascade of metabolic disorders. Triglyceride-glucose index (TGI), which is associated with the development and adverse outcomes of CVDs, is one of the widely discussed indicators of insulin resistance. Objective. To analyze the association of triglyceride-glucose index with clinical conditions at different stages of the cardiovascular continuum and the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Materials and methods. The review material was collected from peer-reviewed articles published in PubMed, eLibrary.RU, CyberLeninka.ru electronic databases and other research platforms from 2021 to 2025. This timeframe presents key clinical studies on the problem under investigation. Such search terms as triglyceride-glucose index, cardiometabolic disorders, cardiovascular complication prognosis and markers were used. Results. New data in the literature on the study of TGI in various clinical situations are emerging. The relationship between TGI and a number of diseases in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus is considered in this review article. In particular, an association between TGI and subclinical atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases and other causes has been established. Conclusion. Triglyceride-glucose index can be used for predicting the development of cardiometabolic disorders. In middle-aged and elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, triglyceride-glucose index value is closely associated with the prognosis of all-cause mortality. Moreover, in individuals without diabetes mellitus, triglyceride-glucose index may act as an independent marker of cardiovascular disease risk, which should be the subject of more extensive study.