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July 10, 2026International Journal of Modern Physics A

Ghost-free quantization of higher time-derivative theories via nonunitary similarity transformations

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Authors

AFAndreas FringNorthampton Community CollegeTTTakano TairaKyushu UniversityBTBethan TurnerNorthampton Community College

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Implication

Randomized trial addresses ghost problem in higher time-derivative theories, indicating a novel method for quantization.

Key Points

  • This research aims to resolve the ghost problem in higher time-derivative theories (HTDTs) through a novel quantization method.
  • Utilized non-unitary similarity transformations to address ghost states in HTDTs.
  • Constructed a non-unitary map between Hermitian Hamiltonians.
  • Applied the method to a concrete model related to the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator.
  • Demonstrated that the transformed system admits normalisable eigenstates.
  • Showed that the spectrum remains bounded from below after transformation.
  • Provided a consistent framework for interpreting HTDTs and constructing ghost-free quantum models.

Cite This Study

Fring et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a508f236eeac72a437a179ehttps://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x26501216
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