Primary idiopathic infertility remains challenging due to overlooked subclinical immunological factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels and Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (Anti-TPO) antibodies on the reproductive outcomes of euthyroid women. The study included 90 participants (60 patients,30 controls). A comprehensive hormonal profile, including AMH, TSH, FSH, LH, prolactin, and estradiol, was assessed in all participants to ensure normal endocrine function. However, serum Anti-TPO levels exhibited a statistically significant elevation in the infertile group compared to the controls (P = 0.0002). According to AMH (r = –0.58), correlation analysis showed a strong negative relationship between Anti-TPO titers and ovarian reserve. Additionally, multiple binary logistic regression identified Anti-TPO as a strong independent predictor of primary idiopathic infertility. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that Anti-TPO exhibits a good diagnostic accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.759. These findings indicate that subclinical thyroid autoimmunity is closely associated with a decreased ovarian reserve despite normal TSH levels. In order to better identify individuals who may benefit from early immunomodulatory therapy, the research recommends that Anti-TPO antibody screening be incorporated into the routine diagnostic evaluation for idiopathic infertility.
Rasheed et al. (Sat,) studied this question.