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July 15, 2026Nature CommunicationsOpen Access

Dietary intervention and BMI reduction in individuals at the extremes of genetic predisposition to higher BMI: a randomized controlled trial

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Authors

RRRodosthenis S. RodosthenousLVLeena E. ViiriACAnne Carson

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Overview

Randomized trial examines dietary intervention effects on BMI in individuals with extreme genetic predisposition, implying no significant influence of genetics on weight loss response.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate whether genetic predisposition affects the response to dietary weight loss interventions in individuals with extreme BMI polygenic scores.
  • Conducted a randomized controlled trial (GENEROOS) with 223 participants from the top and bottom 5% of BMI polygenic score distribution.
  • Participants received either structured dietary coaching or control for six months.
  • BMI change was measured as the primary outcome.
  • Dietary intervention reduced BMI by −1.51 kg/m² (95% CI −1.72 to −1.31) compared to control group reduction of −0.01 kg/m² (95% CI −0.22 to 0.19).
  • No significant interaction was observed between BMI polygenic scores and the dietary intervention (β = 0.06, 95% CI −1.33 to 1.44; P = 0.94).
  • Study suggests that genetic susceptibility to higher BMI does not significantly influence short-term weight loss responses to dietary interventions.

Cite This Study

Rodosthenous et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a57245a88b21df875480c73https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75224-0
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Also Consider

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  5. 5Genetic Predictors of Change in Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Hip Ratio With Lifestyle Intervention: The Trans-NIH Consortium for Genetics of Weight Loss Response to Lifestyle Intervention2022 · 11 citations