Key result
Coffee consumption transiently raises systolic and diastolic blood pressure for up to 2 hours post-ingestion.
Why the study?
Although coffee has reported health benefits, it has been associated with acute blood pressure elevation, potentially leading to chronic hypertension and poor control.
Does acute coffee consumption increase blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive and normotensive adults?
Does acute coffee consumption increase blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive and normotensive adults?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Acute coffee consumption causes transient but significant elevations in blood pressure and heart rate in both hypertensive and normotensive individuals, suggesting a need to moderate intake for optimal blood pressure control.
Background: Studies have reported some health benefits of coffee consumption however it has been documented that coffee is associated with acute elevation of blood pressure and perhaps leading to chronic hypertension and poor control. Aim: This study aims to determine the acute effects of coffee on some cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive and normotensive patients at a tertiary health institution in South -East region of Nigeria. Method: 500 adul t volunteers who met the inclusion criteria consisting of 250 hypertensive patients and 250 normotensive individuals participated in the study. 2grams of coffee granules were dissolved in 200ml of hot water and served to study participants. Basal values of blood pressure, Pulse rate and finger oxygen saturation (SPo2) were obtained before consumption. These parameters were then measured at 15mins post consumption and at every 30mins intervals for 5hours. Data was analysed using SPSS version 29. Mean, Standard deviation (SD), Standard error of the mean (SEM) and P-values were calculated. Results: The hypertensive group consisted of 135 females and 115 males with a mean age of 57.72±11.55 while the normotensives consisted of 112 femal es and 138 males with a mean age of 50.10±11.90. From 30mins to the first 2 hours post consumption there was a significant elevation of systolic blood pressure (P≤0.001) as well as the diastolic pressure (P≤0.001) in both hypertensive and normotensive group. At 4 hours post consumption, the blood pressures of both study groups have returned to the baseline values. The pulse rate of both groups started rising about 15 minutes post coffee intake. The pulse rate of both groups started dropping 2 hours post coffee administration. At 3 hours, pulse rates of both study groups had returned to their basal levels. The oxygen saturation (SpO2) in both groups did not vary from baseline till end of the study. Conclusion: Coffee caused transient elevation of blood pressure and increased heart rate from baseline in both hypertensive patients and normotensives. This observation may necessitate review of recommendation physicians give to hypertensive patients to modify the rate of consumption of coffee to achieve a better control of blood pressure
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Azikiwe et al. (2026) studied Hypertension and Normotension (n=500). Coffee vs. Baseline (pre-consumption) was evaluated on Change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from 30 minutes to 2 hours post-consumption (p=<0.001). Coffee consumption caused a significant, transient elevation in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.001) from 30 minutes to 2 hours post-consumption in both hypertensive and normotensive adults.
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