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Demonstrates a new annulation pathway in 2-nitrostyrenes, indicating efficient synthesis of indoles.
A new Ru(II)-catalyzed annulation pathway of 2-nitrostyrenes, distinct from the conventional 6π-electrocyclization, has been developed. This transformation employs alcohols as both the hydrogen source and alkoxylating reagent, enabling the efficient synthesis of 3-alkoxy-1 H -indoles. Mechanistic studies reveal that this domino transformation proceeds via four key steps: Michael addition of the enone moiety, nitro reduction, cyclization, and dehydration. Moreover, the vicinal alkoxy group acts as a critical determinant for preserving the carbonyl group under the reductive conditions.
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Deng et al. (2026) studied this question.
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