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July 19, 2026Molecular Cancer0 citationsOpen Access

Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer After Immunochemotherapy

Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy

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Authors

GZGuozhi ZhaoYBYuanyuan BaiXCXin Chen

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Overview

Randomized trial investigates tumor microenvironment changes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer post-immunochemotherapy, suggesting personalized therapy strategies.

Key Points

  • This study aims to understand how the tumor microenvironment varies in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.
  • Patients were classified into responder and non-responder groups based on RECIST 1.1 criteria.
  • Samples underwent single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to assess immune cell populations and interactions.
  • Diverse cellular and spatial characteristics were analyzed to understand response differences to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.
  • Ten major cell subsets were identified in the tumor microenvironment using canonical markers.
  • B-cell infiltration was significantly higher in non-responders, while macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts were enriched in responders.
  • SPP1 signaling from macrophages to cancer-associated fibroblasts was found to play a role in therapy resistance.

Cite This Study

Zhao et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5c68af118b92953e3ed42chttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-026-02738-y
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Impact of intra‐tumoral immunity on predicting response and survival after neoadjuvant cisplatin‐based chemotherapy in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer2024 · 4 citations
  2. 2Immune features are associated with response to neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer2024 · 29 citations
  3. 3Abstract 7041: Tumor-immune interactions and cisplatin resistance in localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer2024
  4. 4Single-cell sequencing to reveal immune features of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.2026
  5. 5Influence of multiomics on tumor microenvironment remodeling in locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy.2026