Analyzing barriers to green logistics in context of Circular Economy and Industry 4.0 in the Indian manufacturing industry

In the current era of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy, green logistics have become necessary for being sustainable. Adopting green logistics practices is a challenging task for the manufacturing industry, specifically in developing countries like India. In this study, we identified 16 barriers to implementing green logistics in the Indian manufacturing industry in reference to Industry 4.0 and circular economy. Data was collected from experts through a questionnaire-based survey. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique was applied to examine the degree of influence and interaction among the barriers. It has also helped in the classification of barriers into cause-and-effect categories. To validate the findings, a sensitivity analysis had also been carried out. The findings would help manufacturing organisations in developing strategies for implementing green logistics to achieve long-term sustainability.