Key result
Compared with remaining at normal weight, changing from nonobese to obese from young to middle adulthood was associated with an increased risk of incident CVD (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.64-2.28).
Why the study?
The effect of weight change patterns from young adulthood to midlife on cardiovascular diseases remains uncertain.
Do different weight change patterns from young to middle adulthood increase the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in adults?
Cohort (n=20,715)
Yes
Do different weight change patterns from young to middle adulthood increase the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in adults?
Hazard Ratio: 1.93 (95% CI 1.64–2.28)
Weight gain, weight fluctuation (obese to nonobese), and stable obesity from young adulthood to midlife are all associated with a significantly increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease compared to maintaining a normal weight.
Weight trajectories may inform midlife CVD risk assessment; leaves open whether modifying patterns alters outcomes in trials.
CONTEXT: The effect of weight change patterns on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We aim to examine the relation of weight change patterns and absolute weight change from young adulthood to midlife with incident CVD. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2016. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 20 715 US adults aged 40 through 79 with recalled weight at young adulthood (25 years) and midlife (10 years before baseline). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: CVD status was determined by self-report of a prior diagnosis, and age at diagnosis was used to establish time of CVD onset. CVD events was defined as the first occurrence of a congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or stroke. RESULTS: After 9.76 years of follow-up, compared with participants who remained at normal weight, those in maximum overweight, changing from nonobese to obese, changing from obese to nonobese, maintaining obesity between young and middle adulthood had a 39% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-1.62), 93% (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.64-2.28), 125% (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.29-3.94), and 132% (HR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.68-3.20) higher risk of CVD, respectively. In addition, compared with weight change within 2.5 kg, weight gain ≥ 10.0 kg was associated with higher risk of CVD. CONCLUSIONS: Both nonobese to obese, obese to nonobese, and stable obese from young to middle adulthood were associated with increased risks of CVD. The findings emphasize the importance of maintaining normal weight throughout the adulthood for preventing CVD in later life.
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Liu et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular diseases (n=20,715). Weight change patterns (e.g., changing from nonobese to obese) vs. Remaining at normal weight was evaluated on Incident CVD (first occurrence of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or stroke) (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.64-2.28). Compared with remaining at normal weight, changing from nonobese to obese from young to middle adulthood was associated with an increased risk of incident CVD (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.64-2.28).
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