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July 1, 2026Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ResearchOpen Access

Effectiveness of a Family-Centered Empowerment Model on Self-Efficacy in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Why the study?

Low self-efficacy undermines adherence to lifestyle change and treatment in hypertension, and evidence for family-centered empowerment in Iranian patients is limited.

Does a family-centered empowerment program improve self-efficacy in adults with hypertension?

Population

70 adults with hypertension in Zahedan, Iran

Comparison

Four weekly 60-min family-centered empowerment sessions vs usual care

Design

Randomized clinical trial

Follow-up

3 months

Key result

A family-centered empowerment program significantly improved total self-efficacy in adults with hypertension at 3 months compared to usual care (53.40 vs 46.48; P<0.001; Cohen's d=2.11).

Authors

ASAlireza SalarMRMehdi RezvaniaminMHMahsa A. Hamedani

Discussion

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Overview

Supports family-centered programs in hypertension care; extends limited RCT evidence to Iranian adults.

Study Design

Type

RCT (n=70)

Randomization

1:1

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does a family-centered empowerment program improve self-efficacy in adults with hypertension?

P
Population
70 adults with hypertension randomized to a family-centered empowerment program or usual care, followed for 3 months.
I
Intervention
Family-centered empowerment program (four weekly 60-min sessions with a primary caregiver)
C
Comparator
Usual care
O
Outcome
Hypertension self-efficacy (17-item validated scale) measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, 1 month, and 3 monthspatient reported

Main Result

Standardized Mean Difference: 2.11

Absolute Event Rate: 53.4% vs 46.48%

p-value: p=<0.001

A family-centered empowerment program significantly improved self-efficacy, dietary adherence, treatment adherence, and disease management in patients with hypertension over 3 months.

Cite This Study

Salar et al. (2026) conducted an RCT in Hypertension (n=70). Family-centered empowerment program vs. Usual care was evaluated on Hypertension self-efficacy (Cohen's d 2.11, p=<0.001). A family-centered empowerment program significantly improved total self-efficacy in adults with hypertension at 3 months compared to usual care (53.40 vs 46.48; P<0.001; Cohen's d=2.11).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a600d4684fc82cc78003b1fhttps://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_246_25
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