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Commentary critiques the relationship between personality functioning and depression, suggesting they are more alike than previously thought.
= -.06), and 53% of their regression weights change direction when comparing the two. We also raise concerns with the viability of their bifactor models, particularly for PF. The residualized PF factor is relatively weak, changes fairly dramatically across analyses, and is unlikely to replicate across samples. Ultimately, we believe Kerber et al. (2026) suggestion that PF and DEP are distinct with differing treatment implications is unsupported by their data. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
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Miller et al. (2026) studied this question.
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