Key result
Candidate genes such as ACE, SIRT1, TERC, FOXO1, FOXO3, APOE, and NOS3 are involved in the molecular mechanisms of vascular aging, with functional polymorphisms identified for 26 genes.
Why the study?
Age is an independent and primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and understanding the molecular mechanisms of vascular aging can help inform preventive strategies.
This review highlights the molecular mechanisms and genetic polymorphisms associated with vascular aging, emphasizing the potential for genetic risk prediction and preventive strategies.
Mechanisms of vascular aging extend molecular understanding; leaves open targeted therapies pending clinical validation.
Age is considered an independent and primary risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Aging of vascular cells induces complex changes in the structure and functions of the vasculature. The article discusses a number of molecular genetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vascular aging: cell and mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, depletion of the progenitor cell pool, shortening and damage to telomeres, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of vascular tone. There is more and more evidence of cross-involvement in the vascular aging processes of candidate genes (such as ACE, SIRT1, TERC, FOXO1, FOXO3, APOE, NOS3) associated with life expectancy and cardiovascular diseases. For 26 genes involved in the presented molecular mechanisms of vascular aging, sites of functional polymorphisms are given. Understanding the main pathophysiological changes caused by vascular aging makes it possible to choose a preventive strategy. Modern approaches for better predicting of genetic risk are discussed in conclusion using the example of visualization of vascular aging genes network.
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Слепухина et al. (2019) conducted a review in Vascular aging and cardiovascular disease. Genetic risk factors and candidate genes (e.g., ACE, SIRT1, TERC, FOXO1, FOXO3, APOE, NOS3) was evaluated on Molecular mechanisms of vascular aging. Candidate genes such as ACE, SIRT1, TERC, FOXO1, FOXO3, APOE, and NOS3 are involved in the molecular mechanisms of vascular aging, with functional polymorphisms identified for 26 genes.
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