Key result
The ProACS risk score demonstrated excellent discriminative ability for predicting all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes, with an AUC of 0.815 in external validation.
Why the study?
Does the ProACS risk score accurately predict all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes?
Cohort (n=40,415)
Yes
Does the ProACS risk score accurately predict all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes?
Effect estimate: AUC 0.815
The ProACS risk score is a simple, four-variable tool that accurately predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes at first medical contact.
May aid bedside ACS mortality risk stratification; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
There are barriers to proper implementation of risk stratification scores in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including their complexity. Our objective was to develop a simple score for risk stratification of all-cause in-hospital mortality in a population of patients with ACS. The score was developed from a nationwide ACS registry. The development and internal validation cohorts were obtained from the first 31 829 patients, randomly separated (60% and 40%, respectively). The external validation cohort consisted of the last 8586 patients included in the registry. This cohort is significantly different from the other cohorts in terms of baseline characteristics, treatment and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to select four variables with the highest predictive potential. A score was allocated to each parameter based on the regression coefficient of each variable in the logistic regression model: 1 point for systolic blood pressure ≤116 mmHg, Killip class 2 or 3, and ST-segment elevation; 2 points for age ≥72 years; and 3 points for Killip class 4. The new score had good discriminative ability in the development cohort (area under the curve [AUC] 0.796), and it was similar in the internal validation cohort (AUC 0.785, p=0.333). In the external validation cohort, there was also excellent discriminative ability (AUC 0.815), with an adequate fit. The ProACS risk score enables easy and simple risk stratification of patients with ACS for in-hospital mortality that can be used at the first medical contact, with excellent predictive ability in a contemporary population. Existem algumas barreiras à implementação adequada dos scores de estratificação de risco em doentes com síndrome coronária aguda (SCA), tais como a sua complexidade. O nosso objetivo foi desenvolver um score simples para estratificação de risco de mortalidade hospitalar de todas as causas numa população de doentes com SCA. O score foi desenvolvido a partir de um registo nacional de SCA. A coorte de desenvolvimento e de validação interna foi obtida a partir dos primeiros 31 829 doentes, aleatoriamente separados (60 e 40%, respetivamente). A coorte de validação externa é composta pelos últimos 8586 doentes incluídos no registo. Esta coorte é significativamente diferente das restantes (características basais, tratamento e mortalidade). Foi utilizada análise de regressão logística multivariada para selecionar as quatro variáveis com maior potencial preditivo e foi atribuída uma pontuação baseada no coeficiente de regressão de cada variável no modelo de regressão logística: um ponto para TAS ≤ 116 mmHg, classe Killip 2 ou 3, e elevação segmento ST, dois pontos para idade ≥ 72 anos e três pontos para classe Killip 4. O novo score tem uma boa capacidade preditiva na coorte de desenvolvimento (area under curve [AUC] 0,796), semelhante à coorte de validação interna (AUC 0,785, p=0,333). Na coorte de validação externa também apresentou uma excelente capacidade discriminativa (AUC 0,815), com calibração adequada. O score de risco ProACS permite uma estratificação de risco precoce e simples em doentes com SCA para mortalidade hospitalar, que pode ser utilizada no primeiro contacto médico, com excelente capacidade preditiva numa população contemporânea.
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Timóteo et al. (2017) conducted a cohort in Acute coronary syndromes (n=40,415). ProACS risk score was evaluated on All-cause in-hospital mortality (discriminative ability) (AUC 0.815). The ProACS risk score demonstrated excellent discriminative ability for predicting all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes, with an AUC of 0.815 in external validation.
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