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July 23, 2026Bulletin of Faculty of Physical TherapyOpen Access

Single-session body weight resistance training fails to alter cardiac or pulmonary functions in postmenopausal females.

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Why the study?

The impact of exercise timing is underexplored despite being crucial for precision benefits in managing postmenopausal complications.

Does diurnal variation in a single bout of resistance training improve cardiopulmonary functions in postmenopausal females?

Population

Eighty four postmenopausal females

Comparison

Morning vs evening resistance training vs control group

Design

Randomized pre-post study

Key result

A single session of body weight resistance training performed in the morning or evening did not significantly alter pulmonary or cardiac functions compared to control in postmenopausal females.

Authors

PYPriyanka YadavMSMinaxi Saini

Discussion

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Overview

Acute resistance training shows no time-of-day superiority for cardiopulmonary function; leaves open effects of chronic timing in postmenopausal women.

Key Points

  • The study aims to investigate how the time of day for resistance training affects cardiopulmonary functions in postmenopausal women.
  • Eighty-four postmenopausal females were randomly divided into morning, evening, and control groups.
  • A pre-post study design was employed with a single session of self-body weight resistance training as the intervention.
  • Outcome measures included pulmonary functions (FVC, FEV1) and cardiac functions (HR, SBP, DBP).
  • No statistically significant changes in pulmonary function were observed (p > 0.05).
  • Cardiac functions showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05).
  • HR decreased significantly in both morning and evening groups (p = 0.0001), with SBP showing a significant reduction in the evening group (p = 0.008) and DBP in the morning group (p = 0.001).

Study Design

Type

RCT (n=84)

Blinding

None (Open-label)

Randomization

Opaque envelope method

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does diurnal variation in a single bout of resistance training improve cardiopulmonary functions in postmenopausal females?

P
Population
84 postmenopausal females without severe comorbidities were randomized to a single session of morning or evening resistance training versus control to assess acute cardiopulmonary changes.
I
Intervention
Single session of self-body weight resistance training performed in the morning or evening
C
Comparator
Control group and alternate time of day (morning vs evening)
O
Outcome
Pulmonary functions (Forced vital capacity [FVC], Forced expiratory volume at 1st second [FEV1]) and cardiac functions (Heart rate [HR], systolic & diastolic blood pressure [SBP and DBP])surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=>0.05

The time of day for a single session of resistance training does not significantly impact cardiopulmonary outcomes in postmenopausal women.

Limitations

  • Only one session was applied with no follow-up.
  • Self-reported menopausal status rather than hormonally verified.
  • Outcome assessor was not blinded to the study objective.
  • short duration (single session)

Cite This Study

Yadav et al. (2026) conducted an RCT in Postmenopause (n=84). Single bout of resistance training (morning or evening) vs. Control (usual activities) was evaluated on Between-group difference in pulmonary (FVC, FEV1) and cardiac (HR, SBP, DBP) functions (p=>0.05). A single session of body weight resistance training performed in the morning or evening did not significantly alter pulmonary or cardiac functions compared to control in postmenopausal females.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a61afe0faa9903c5116a9d3https://doi.org/10.1186/s43161-026-00364-9
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Morning or evening? Time of day does not affect body composition, cardiopulmonary performance, and muscle strength responses to combined training in women with obesity2026
  2. 2Influence of exercise type and duration on cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength in post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis2023 · 32 citations
  3. 3Haemodynamic parameters in postmenopausal women – beneficial effect of moderate continuous exercise training2019 · 7 citations
  4. 4Cardiovascular Adaptations to Resistance Training in Elderly Postmenopausal Women2013 · 72 citations
  5. 5The effects of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health in postmenopausal females: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024 · 9 citations