Key result
The highest quartile of remnant cholesterol was independently associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness compared to the lowest quartile (OR 2.79; 95% CI 1.27-6.09).
Why the study?
Population-based evidence for the role of remnant cholesterol in arterial stiffness beyond LDL-C is scarce.
Does elevated remnant cholesterol correlate with increased arterial stiffness beyond LDL-C in a health check-up population?
Cross-Sectional (n=909)
No
Does elevated remnant cholesterol correlate with increased arterial stiffness beyond LDL-C in a health check-up population?
Odds Ratio: 2.79 (95% CI 1.27–6.09)
Remnant cholesterol is independently associated with arterial stiffness, even in individuals with optimal LDL-C levels, highlighting its potential as a residual cardiovascular risk marker.
Remnant-C was associated with arterial stiffness beyond LDL-C; leaves open whether targeting it improves outcomes.
Background: Previous evidence has demonstrated that elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was associated with atherosclerosis. However, there is scarce population-based evidence for the role of remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) in arterial stiffness, an imaging marker for subclinical atherosclerosis. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of remnant-C with arterial stiffness beyond LDL-C in a check-up population. Methods: The study included consecutive subjects who visited the Murakami Memorial Hospital for health check-ups between 2004 and 2012. The calculation of remnant-C occurred as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) minus LDL-C. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) >1400 cm/sec was defined as arterial stiffness or baPWV abnormality. The independent correlation of remnant-C level to arterial stiffness was evaluated using adjusted regression models. Results: A total of 909 participants were included (mean age 51.1 ± 9.6 years, male sex 64.9%). In multivariate linear regression analyses, remnant-C remained an independent predictor of the baPWV predictor [β: 94.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 42.19–147.33, P < 0.001] after adjusting for confounders. After multivariable adjustment, including LDL-C, the highest remnant-C quartile odd ratio (OR) (95% CI) was 2.79 (1.27–6.09) for baPWV abnormality compared to the lowest quartile. Furthermore, each 10-mg/dL increase in remnant-C correlated with a 28% increased risk for baPWV abnormality (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04–1.57). Moreover, the correlation between remnant-C and baPWV abnormality was still significant in the participant subgroup with optimal levels of LDL-C. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that remnant-C levels correlated to arterial stiffness with the dependence of LDL-C and other cardiovascular risk factors in a check-up population.
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Zhang et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Arterial stiffness (n=909). Remnant cholesterol vs. Lowest remnant cholesterol quartile was evaluated on Arterial stiffness (baPWV >1400 cm/sec) (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.27-6.09). The highest quartile of remnant cholesterol was independently associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness compared to the lowest quartile (OR 2.79; 95% CI 1.27-6.09).
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