Key result
Anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies are closely associated with interstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis, and new ELISA assays for their detection are expected to be widely applied.
New ELISA assays for anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies are efficient tools for diagnosing and prognosticating interstitial lung disease in patients with myositis.
May support ELISA antibody testing for ILD risk in myositis; leaves open prospective outcome validation.
Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies are closely associated with interstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Anti-ARS-positive patients develop common clinical characteristics termed anti-synthetase syndrome and share a common clinical course, in which they respond well to initial treatment with glucocorticoids but in which disease tends to recur when glucocorticoids are tapered. Anti-MDA5 antibody is associated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease and poor prognosis, particularly in Asia. Therefore, intensive immunosuppressive therapy is required for anti-MDA5-positive patients from the early phase of the disease. New enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies have recently been established and are suggested to be efficient and useful. These assays are expected to be widely applied in daily practice.
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Nakashima et al. (2016) conducted a review in Myositis with interstitial lung disease (polymyositis and dermatomyositis). New enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies was evaluated. Anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies are closely associated with interstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis, and new ELISA assays for their detection are expected to be widely applied.
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