Key result
The detection of a vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) case in an unvaccinated 20-year-old in New York highlights the urgent need to maintain high inactivated polio vaccine coverage.
Why the study?
Following the first US poliomyelitis case in three decades, this article explores CDC suggestions on reliable inactivated polio vaccination in high-risk patients, early case detection, and future outbreak preparedness.
The re-emergence of polio in the USA highlights the critical need for inactivated polio vaccination and robust epidemiological surveillance.
Supports heightened US polio surveillance; leaves open optimal strategies to sustain vaccine coverage.
On July 21, 2022, the USA witnessed the first case of poliomyelitis after 3 decades of its eradication. Poliomyelitis is a crippling disease that results from infection with any one of the three related poliovirus types (referred to as types P1, P2, and P3), members of the enterovirus (picornavirus) family. The New York State Department of Health confirmed that a case of paralytic poliomyelitis was reported from a 20-year-old Hungarian traveller residing in Rockland County. The detected viral sequence has been found to have vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) suggesting an origin from the live attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV). Since immunisation remains the only preventable measure, this article explores suggestions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on reliable Inactivated (killed) polio vaccination in high-risk patients along with early case detection and treatment. In light of the above-mentioned findings, this research further details future recommendations like cessation of the OPV, encouragement of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in vaccination schedules, sensitive epidemiological surveillance system and appropriate training for healthcare providers. The affected countries have been further advised to have effective outbreak response strategy plans in place so that they can respond and stay prepared for such outbreaks in the future.
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Rai et al. (2022) conducted a review in Poliomyelitis (n=1). Vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) was evaluated. The detection of a vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) case in an unvaccinated 20-year-old in New York highlights the urgent need to maintain high inactivated polio vaccine coverage.
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