Key result
Polyphenolic grape extract induced dose-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and Ca(2+) mobilization, accompanied by activation of the inhibitory receptor PECAM-1.
Why the study?
Does polyphenolic grape extract inhibit platelet activation through PECAM-1?
Does polyphenolic grape extract inhibit platelet activation through PECAM-1?
Polyphenolic grape extract inhibits platelet activation by stimulating the inhibitory receptor PECAM-1, providing a molecular mechanism for the cardiovascular benefits of red wine.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Animal data extend antiplatelet mechanisms via PECAM-1; leaves open human cardiovascular translation.
BACKGROUND: Moderate and prolonged consumption of red wine is associated with decreased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Inhibition of platelet functions by ingredients in red wine is thought to be one of the causes. However, the molecular mechanism of this inhibition has remained unexplained. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured aggregation, changes in cytosolic Ca(2+) and tyrosine phosphorylation of the inhibitory receptor platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in platelets stimulated with thrombin receptor (PAR-1) activating peptide (TRAP) and ADP and investigated the effects of alcohol-free polyphenolic grape extract (PGE), alcohol, and the polyphenols catechin, epi-catechin, resveratrol, trans-resveratrol, and gallic acid. RESULTS: Polyphenolic grape extract induced dose-dependent inhibition of TRAP-induced and ADP-induced platelet aggregation and Ca(2+) mobilization. Inhibition was accompanied by activation of PECAM-1. Apart from a slight inhibition by catechin, ethanol or other individual polyphenols failed to inhibit aggregation or activate PECAM-1. CONCLUSIONS: Red wine inhibits platelet functions through its PGE content, which stimulates the inhibitory receptor PECAM-1, thereby attenuating platelet activation.
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Lange et al. (2007) studied this question. Polyphenolic grape extract (PGE) vs. Ethanol and individual polyphenols was evaluated on Platelet aggregation, changes in cytosolic Ca(2+), and tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1. Polyphenolic grape extract induced dose-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and Ca(2+) mobilization, accompanied by activation of the inhibitory receptor PECAM-1.
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