Diagnostics and ethical aspects brain death diagnosis

Reserve of organs for transplantation is currently mostly derived from cadaveric donors with established brain death. For these reasons, the diagnosis of the brain is an essential step in providing organs available for transplantation. Today, different medical schools don't accept the same concept of brain death. Consequently, the criteria for the diagnosis of brain death are different depending on the concept of which brain death is used. The three main concepts are: the concept of the death of the whole brain (Whole Brain Death Concept), the concept of brain stem death (Brainstem Death Concept) neocortical death (Higher Brain Death or neocortical Death). Depending on which concept of brain death is applied in everyday practice, diagnosis of brain's death in question is established by: neurological examination, atropine test, the apnea test and by various instrumental tests. There is no one instrumental test that proves the absence of all neurological functions of the central nervous system. However, there are instrumental tests which have the ability to prove the phenomenon that are closely related to brain death. These tests are complementary to those which prove the absence of neurological activity. Brain death has the medical, ethical, economic, legal, and other implications. No field of medical science and medical practice was initially sparked with many ethical dilemmas such as obtaining organs from deceased donors, mainly because it is based on the brain death diagnosis, but overall bioethical science has defined a cadaveric transplant completely justified in order to care for the lives and health of people.