Stabilization of a synchronous generator with a controllable series capacitor via immersion and invariance

SUMMARY The immersion and invariance (I&I) technique (it IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 2003; 48 (4):590–606) is a recently proposed control methodology for stabilizing nonlinear systems. Here we apply this philosophy to stabilize a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system using a controllable series capacitor (CSC). The synchronous generator is modeled using the second‐order swing equation and a first‐order model is used for the CSC. The control objective here is to immerse a desired second‐order dynamic model into the higher order system manifold and design an asymptotically stabilizing control law.