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July 26, 2026CureusOpen Access

Hypertension affects ~39% of rural Indian adults, linked to male sex, obesity, and lifestyle factors.

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Why the study?

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with an increasing burden in rural India due to rapid lifestyle and epidemiological transitions.

Population

360 adults in a rural community in Gwalior district

Design

Community-based cross-sectional study

Key result

Hypertension was present in 38.6% of adults in a rural Indian community and was significantly associated with male sex, overweight/obesity, excess salt intake, smoking, and alcohol use (p < 0.05).

Authors

BTBishwajeet ThakurKSKirti ShrivastavaPDPriyanka Diwan

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

Rural hypertension prevalence data may guide local screening; leaves open causal roles of risk factors without longitudinal confirmation.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors in a rural community.
  • Conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among 360 adults from May 2023 to April 2024.
  • Collected data through a semi-structured questionnaire and measured blood pressure according to standard procedures.
  • Analyzed data using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test.
  • Hypertension was present in 139 (38.6%) participants, with 100 (27.8%) in stage 1 and 39 (10.8%) in stage 2.
  • Significant associations were noted between hypertension and male sex, obesity, and lifestyle factors including excess salt intake and smoking (p < 0.05).
  • Over two-thirds of the participants experienced hypertension or pre-hypertension.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=360)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P
Population
360 adults from a rural community in Gwalior district, India, assessed for the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors.
O
Outcome
Prevalence of hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or current antihypertensive treatment) and its associated risk factors

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

Hypertension and pre-hypertension are highly prevalent in rural India, affecting over two-thirds of the studied population and strongly associating with modifiable lifestyle factors.

Cite This Study

Thakur et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=360). Sociodemographic, dietary, and behavioral risk factors was evaluated on Prevalence of hypertension (p=<0.05). Hypertension was present in 38.6% of adults in a rural Indian community and was significantly associated with male sex, overweight/obesity, excess salt intake, smoking, and alcohol use (p < 0.05).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a65a337d3aea3239cd765f0https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.113238
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The prevalence of hypertension and hypertension risk factors in a rural Indian community: A prospective door-to-door study2012 · 97 citations
  2. 2Prevalence and predictors of hypertension: Evidence from a study of rural India2022 · 29 citations
  3. 3Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among women in a rural community of Maharashtra2018 · 2 citations
  4. 4Prevalence of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Central India2014 · 78 citations
  5. 5Socio-demographic factors, overweight/obesity and nutrients associated with hypertension among rural adults (≥18 years): Findings from National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau survey2022 · 10 citations