Chlorhexidine (CHX) has been widely reported as an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributing to the preservation of dentin bond integrity, while chitosan (CS) has been proposed as a natural biomodifier with potential collagen-stabilizing and cross-linking effects on the dentin matrix. These properties make both agents relevant candidates for improving the durability of adhesive interfaces. This in vitro study evaluated the effect of CS- and CHX-containing cavity disinfectants on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of a two-step self-etch adhesive applied to superficial and deep dentin. Forty-eight sound human molars were randomly assigned to superficial and deep dentin groups, which were further subdivided according to surface treatment: control (no treatment), 2% CHX, and 2.5% CS. A two-step self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) and resin composite were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After storage and thermocycling, beam-shaped specimens were prepared and subjected to µTBS testing. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, and significance was set at p < 0.05. CS pretreatment resulted in higher µTBS values compared with the control group in both superficial and deep dentin, with statistically significant differences observed (p < 0.05), while CHX-treated groups showed intermediate values, with no consistent statistically significant difference compared with CS. In general, superficial dentin exhibited higher bond strength values than deep dentin (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, chitosan-containing cavity disinfectant was associated with significantly higher µTBS values compared with the untreated control in both superficial and deep dentin when used with a two-step self-etch adhesive. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution and should not be generalized beyond the specific materials and experimental conditions evaluated.
Sürmelioğlu et al. (Fri,) studied this question.