Physical Modeling on Vibration Behavior of Converter With High Bottom‐Blowing Flow Rate

The vibration behavior of a converter induced by high‐intensity bottom blowing presents significant safety challenges in steelmaking processes. A 6:1 scaled cold model of a high‐flow converter with top–bottom combined blowing was established based on modified Froude similarity criteria to investigate converter vibration characteristics. The effects of blowing patterns, bottom‐blowing flow rates, tuyere arrangements, and nozzle blockages on converter vibration were systematically investigated by triaxial acceleration sensor. Key findings include: The bottom‐blowing pattern exerts a stronger influence on converter vibration amplitude than the top‐blowing pattern under the present model conditions; vibration amplitude increases nonlinearly with bottom‐blowing flow rate, and a marked amplification is observed when the flow rate approaches 65 m 3 ·h −1 in the present model; uniform tuyere configuration is beneficial for suppressing vibration amplitude; and asymmetric nozzle blockage induces significant increases in converter vibration amplitude.