Study on Three-Layer Hierarchical Structure, Gravitational Distribution and Spectral Detection Feasibility of Black Holes

Traditional astrophysical models of black holes assume that black holes at galactic centers feature a compact particle singularity at their core, and claim that the orbital motion of galaxies is driven by extreme gravitational drag from the central singularity. This model has long lacked experimental verification of internal structures and is merely a simplified theoretical hypothesis. Based on the Theory of Light Primordial Origin and drawing on publicly available observation data of ultra-high-energy gamma photons from China’s LHAASO, this paper constructs an innovative three-layer physical model for black holes by referencing the classic three-layer stratification paradigm of the Earth’s crust, mantle and core. The study concludes that black holes consist of three layers from the exterior inward: a particle shell layer, a dynamic transition mantle layer, and a pure high-energy photon core. Their layered distribution is completely opposite to the Earth’s structure: a thin outer shell, a thin transition layer, and an oversized photon core. The outer layer of black holes is dominated by self-locked physical particles with complete gravitational effects. In the middle layer, particles and high-energy photons dynamically interconvert, yielding only half the effective gravitational mass. The central core is a pool of gamma photons at extreme high temperatures, containing no physical particles or structural transformations and generating zero gravitational force. This paper further theoretically deduces the temperature gradient, material composition, volume proportion and effective gravitational mass ratio of each black hole layer, and proposes an observation scheme to invert the thickness of black hole layers via multi-band spectral differences. The results indicate that the vast majority of a black hole’s volume produces no gravitational effects, and the binding gravity of a galaxy does not originate from the black hole’s center but from the superposition of mass across the entire galaxy. This model reasonably explains the massive escape of high-energy gamma photons observed by LHAASO and corrects fundamental flaws in the traditional singularity gravity model of black holes.