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July 29, 2026BuildingsOpen Access

Biomimetic Climate-Adaptive Building Envelopes: Mapping Research Trends and Assessing Technology Readiness Towards Real-World Implementation

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Authors

FSFrancesco Sommese

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Overview

Maps research trends and assesses technology readiness of climate-adaptive building envelopes, indicating future progress relies on material and design advancements.

Key Points

  • The aim is to map research trends and assess the technological readiness of biomimetic climate-adaptive building envelopes.
  • Conducted a bibliometric analysis of 2,007 Scopus-indexed documents using VOSviewer for keyword co-occurrence networking.
  • Performed a cluster-guided state of the art review.
  • Conducted a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) assessment of selected biomimetic envelope solutions with explicit operational criteria.
  • Identified three main research clusters: environmental-performative, material-experimental, and technological fabrication.
  • Over 80% of analyzed solutions are at TRL 3, indicating early technological development stages.
  • Barriers include limited material durability, high production costs, and regulatory constraints.

Cite This Study

Francesco Sommese (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a69a2f1c8da07d9defa7027https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16152970
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