Key result
Livestock mobility networks in Iran are complex, with Razavi Khorasan and West Azerbaijan provinces showing significant volumes of movements requiring targeted FMD risk reduction interventions.
Why the study?
Foot-and-mouth disease is endemic in Iran, and describing temporal and spatial livestock mobility networks was needed to provide insights into epidemiology and assist risk mitigation.
Observational
Yes
Livestock mobility networks in Iran are complex and concentrated in specific provinces, highlighting areas for targeted risk reduction interventions for foot-and-mouth disease.
May inform targeted FMD surveillance in Iran; leaves open prospective validation of mobility-based controls.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Iran and associated with a large impact on the livestock industry. Livestock mobility is recognized as one of the most important risk factors for FMD and other infectious livestock diseases’ introduction and dissemination. The description of temporal and spatial aspects of livestock mobility networks in Iran provides insights into FMD epidemiology. It also assists in the formulation of recommendations to mitigate the risk of animal disease transmission through livestock movements. This study is the first spatiotemporal description of official/registered cattle, sheep, goat, and camel movements in Iran, using records related to the period from March 2020 to August 2021 extracted from the Iran Veterinary Organization (IVO) Quarantine system. It shows that the static networks drawn by the movements of small ruminants, cattle, and camels to farms or slaughterhouses are complex and highlights the predominance of a few provinces and towns. In particular, the results show that Razavi Khorasan and West Azerbaijan provinces, major provinces for the Iranian livestock sector, are provinces where significant volumes of small ruminants and cattle are moved (from, to, or within) and, therefore, should be prioritized for targeted and timely risk reduction interventions. This study produces some of the necessary inputs for the risk assessment of FMD and similar transboundary animal diseases (TADs) spread within Iran, which is needed to regularly update the national risk-based control strategy for FMD and other TADs.
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Mirzaie et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Foot-and-mouth disease. Livestock mobility was evaluated on Spatiotemporal description of livestock mobility networks. Livestock mobility networks in Iran are complex, with Razavi Khorasan and West Azerbaijan provinces showing significant volumes of movements requiring targeted FMD risk reduction interventions.
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