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Nine triterpene acids, viz., six of the ursane type, ursolic acid (1), corosolic acid (2), 3-epicorosolic acid (3), pomolic acid (4), tormentic acid (5) and hyptadienic acid (6), and three of the oleanane type, oleanolic acid (7), augustic acid (8) and 3-epimaslinic acid (9), among which 1 constituted the most predominant triterpene acid, were isolated and identified from ethanol extracts of the leaves of red perilla Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. acuta Kudo and green perilla P. frutescens (L.) Britton var. acuta Kudo forma viridis Makino. These eight compounds, 1, 2, 4-9, were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation (1 microg/ear) in mice. All the compounds tested showed a marked anti-inflammatory effect, with a 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) of 0.09-0.3 mg per ear. In addition, an evaluation against the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by TPA showed five compounds, 1-3, 5 and 9, with a potent inhibitory effect on EBV-EA induction (91-93% inhibition at 1x10(3) mol ratio/TPA). Furthermore, compound 5 exhibited strong antitumor-promoting activity in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test of mouse tumor by using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) as an initiator and TPA as a promoter.
Banno et al. (Thu,) studied this question.