Key result
Stimulation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in conscious rats demonstrated that sympathetic transmission to the heart is at least four times slower than parasympathetic transmission.
Population
10 conscious rats
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Extends rodent mapping of PVN autonomic efferents; leaves open translation to human cardiovascular control.
This preclinical study demonstrates that sympathetic transmission to the heart is significantly slower than parasympathetic transmission, likely limited by synaptic transmission at adrenergic receptors.
Stauss et al. (1997) studied this question. Stimulation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) was evaluated on Frequency-response characteristics of autonomic nervous system function. Stimulation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in conscious rats demonstrated that sympathetic transmission to the heart is at least four times slower than parasympathetic transmission.
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