Key result
For every 10bpm increase in resting heart rate, there was a 22% greater hazard of all-cause mortality in men (HR 1.22) and a 19% greater hazard in women (HR 1.19).
Why the study?
The study was conducted to define sex, age, and disease-specific associations between resting heart rate and cardiovascular and mortality outcomes.
Does higher resting heart rate increase the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population?
Cohort (n=502,534)
Yes
Does higher resting heart rate increase the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population?
Hazard Ratio: 1.22 (95% CI 1.2–1.24)
p-value: p=3×10−123
Higher resting heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, with stronger associations for ischaemic disease in men and at younger ages.
RHR-mortality associations across demographics warrant caution in practice; leaves open causal effects and intervention targets.
OBJECTIVE: To define the sex, age, and disease-specific associations of resting heart rate (RHR) with cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in 502,534 individuals from the UK Biobank over 7-12 years of prospective follow-up. METHODS: The main outcomes were all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischaemic heart disease mortality. Additional outcomes included incident acute myocardial infarction (AMI), fatal AMI, and cancer mortality. We considered a wide range of confounders and the effects of competing hazards. Results are reported as hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality and sub-distribution hazard ratios (SHR) for other outcomes with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) per 10bpm increment of RHR. RESULTS: In men, for every 10bpm increase of RHR there was 22% (HR 1.22, CI 1.20 to 1.24, p = 3×10-123) greater hazard of all-cause and 17% (SHR 1.17, CI 1.13 to 1.21, p = 5.6×10-18) greater hazard of cardiovascular mortality; for women, corresponding figures were 19% (HR 1.19, CI 1.16 to 1.22, p = 8.9×10-45) and 14% (SHR 1.14, CI 1.07 to 1.22, p = 0.00008). Associations between RHR and ischaemic outcomes were of greater magnitude amongst men than women, but with similar magnitude of association for non-cardiovascular cancer mortality [men (SHR 1.18, CI 1.15-1.21, p = 5.2×10-46); women 15% (SHR 1.15, CI 1.11-1.18, p = 3.1×10-18)]. Associations with all-cause, incident AMI, and cancer mortality were of greater magnitude at younger than older ages. CONCLUSIONS: RHR is an independent predictor of mortality, with variation by sex, age, and disease. Ischaemic disease appeared a more important driver of this relationship in men, and associations were more pronounced at younger ages.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Raisi‐Estabragh et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in General population (n=502,534). Resting heart rate (per 10bpm increment) vs. Lower resting heart rate was evaluated on All-cause mortality (men) (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.24, p=3×10−123). For every 10bpm increase in resting heart rate, there was a 22% greater hazard of all-cause mortality in men (HR 1.22) and a 19% greater hazard in women (HR 1.19).
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: