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July 31, 2026Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and PolicyOpen Access

Associations between smoking, tobacco types, and depression in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals: a cross-sectional analysis from the CHARLS study

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Authors

GCGuozhong ChenHTHongmiao Tao

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Overview

Cross-sectional analysis shows strong links between smoking types and elevated depression in older Chinese individuals, suggesting mental health considerations in tobacco control.

Key Points

  • Investigate the associations between smoking status, tobacco types, and depression in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals.
  • Cross-sectional analysis using pooled data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) between 2011–2020
  • Sample size of 34,215 observations from adults aged 45 and older
  • Multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios for depression based on smoking and tobacco type.
  • 34.06% of the study population exhibited depressive symptoms.
  • Current smokers had an OR of 1.25 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.35; p < 0.001) for depressive symptoms compared to non-smokers.
  • Self-rolled cigarette smokers showed the strongest association with an OR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.35, 1.74; p < 0.001).

Cite This Study

Chen et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6c46e6747664a1aa73bc63https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-026-00750-5
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Associations of self-reported smoking status, serum cotinine level and a composite indicator of smoke exposure with depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly U.S. individuals: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–20182026
  2. 2Socio-demographic correlates and association between level of tobacco intake and severity of depression2024
  3. 3Tobacco-Use Susceptibility and Ever-Use Categories in Relation to Depressive Symptoms Among Undergraduates at a Chinese University: A Cross-Sectional Study2026
  4. 4Does passive smoking at home lead to depression among older people in China?2019 · 4 citations
  5. 5Association between depression and chronic lung diseases in older Chinese adults: a national cross-sectional study2026