Key result
Extracellular vesicles drive CVD pathogenesis and show promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Why the study?
Despite advances in evidence-based therapies, the demand for novel, time- and cost-effective treatment options for cardiovascular diseases continues to grow, warranting examination of the functional roles and clinical applications of extracellular vesicles.
Extracellular vesicles and their molecular cargo represent promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets across various cardiovascular diseases.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports hypothesis generation for extracellular vesicle biomarkers in cardiovascular disease; leaves open clinical adoption pending prospective validation.
The rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide imposes a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems. Despite major advances in evidence-based therapies and modern healthcare, the demand for novel, time- and cost-effective treatment options continues to grow. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes, are released by numerous cell types and mediate intercellular communication in both physiological and pathological contexts. To date, researchers have amassed compelling evidence for the functional roles of EVs in the development and progression of myocardial disease, supporting their exploration for clinical applications. In this review, we examine the multifunctional roles of EVs from diverse cellular origins in prominent CVD manifestations, highlighting publications of the last eight years and their key findings. They confirm that EVs carry disease-specific molecular cargo, particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, proteins, and other bioactive molecules, contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling, while also serving as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Furthermore, emerging preclinical evidence demonstrates the therapeutic potential of engineered or tissue-derived EVs for promoting cardiac repair and limiting adverse cardiac remodeling.
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Tangos et al. (2026) conducted a review in Cardiovascular Diseases. Extracellular vesicles was evaluated. Extracellular vesicles carry disease-specific molecular cargo that contributes to cardiovascular disease pathophysiology and serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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