Key result
Consuming more than two servings of fruit per day was associated with a 19% lower odds of stage I hypertension compared to consuming less than one serving per day (OR 0.81).
Why the study?
The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between fruit, vegetable, and dairy consumption with the odds of developing hypertension using nationwide surveillance data in Iran.
Does the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products reduce the odds of hypertension in Iranian adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=29,378)
Yes
Does the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products reduce the odds of hypertension in Iranian adults?
Odds Ratio: 0.81 (95% CI 0.68–0.96)
Higher fruit consumption (≥2 servings/day) is associated with lower odds of stage I hypertension, while vegetable and dairy intake showed no significant association in this large Iranian cohort.
May support dietary links to hypertension odds; leaves open causality and needs prospective confirmation.
BACKGROUND: The current research aimed to evaluate the relationship between fruit, vegetable (FV), and dairy consumption with the odds of developing hypertension based on nationwide Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) data in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was accomplished by the research center of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Tehran. In total, 29,378 individuals' data were analyzed. Participants were classified into normal, elevated BP, stage I, and stage II hypertension according to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) examinations. Based on the STEPS questionnaire, the consumption of FVs and dairy products was evaluated. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between the consumption of FVs and dairy products with hypertension. RESULTS: The findings revealed that only fruit consumption (≥ 2 servings/day) was negatively related to stage I hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-0.95) in two servings per day and OR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.68-0.96 in > two servings per day) in the adjusted model. There was no significant relationship between consuming vegetables and dairy products with elevated BP and hypertension. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that increasing fruit consumption was related to reducing hypertension odds. Regarding the consumption of dairy products and vegetables, no significant relationship was found with the odds of hypertension. More studies, especially cohorts, are needed to evaluate the impacts of FV and dairy products on the risk of hypertension.
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Nouri et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=29,378). Fruit consumption (> 2 servings/day) vs. < 1 serving/day was evaluated on Stage I hypertension (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68-0.96). Consuming more than two servings of fruit per day was associated with a 19% lower odds of stage I hypertension compared to consuming less than one serving per day (OR 0.81).
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