Case report shows abnormal FDG PET/CT results in a patient with a rare urinary tract tumor, suggesting diagnostic considerations.
An α-fetoprotein-producing tumor in the urinary tract is rare. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of α-fetoprotein-producing urothelial carcinoma with hepatoid differentiation of the left renal pelvis with a significantly elevated serum α-fetoprotein level (1035 ng/mL). FDG PET/CT showed intense activity of the left renal pelvic tumor with invasion of the renal parenchyma. This case indicates that α-fetoprotein-producing urothelial carcinoma with hepatoid differentiation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of FDG-avid tumors of the urinary tract in patients with elevated serum α-fetoprotein levels.
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Man et al. (2026) studied this question.
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