Key result
Individuals with both depression and high genetic susceptibility had a somewhat higher risk of incident coronary heart disease than predicted by their main effects alone (interaction HR 1.53).
Why the study?
Depression is a known risk factor for CHD, but whether genetic susceptibility to CHD or regional-level social indicators modify this association is less clear.
Does depression combined with high genetic susceptibility or regional social indicators increase the risk of incident coronary heart disease in Finnish adults?
Cohort (n=19,999)
Does depression combined with high genetic susceptibility or regional social indicators increase the risk of incident coronary heart disease in Finnish adults?
Hazard Ratio: 1.53 (95% CI 0.95–2.45)
p-value: p=0.217
Depression is a risk factor for incident CHD, and individuals with both depression and high genetic susceptibility may require special attention for CHD prevention.
Does not warrant changes in CHD prevention; leaves open confirmation of gene-depression interaction in prospective cohorts.
BACKGROUND: Depression is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but less is known whether genetic susceptibility to CHD or regional-level social indicators modify this association. METHODS: Risk factors of CHD including a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) were measured for 19 999 individuals residing in Finland in 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012 (response rates 60%-75%). During the register-based follow-up until 2015, there were 1381 fatal and non-fatal incident CHD events. Unemployment rate, degree of urbanisation and crime rate of the municipality of residence were used as regional level social indicators. HRs were calculated using register-based antidepressant purchases as a non-reversible time-dependent covariate. RESULTS: Those having depression and in the highest quartile of PRS had somewhat higher CHD risk than predicted only by the main effects of depression and PRS (HR for interaction 1.53, 95% CI 0.95 to 2.45). Depression was moderately associated with CHD in high crime (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.90) and weakly in low crime regions (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.33; p value of interaction=0.087). Otherwise, we did not found evidence for interactions. CONCLUSIONS: Those having both depression and high genetic susceptibility need a special attention in healthcare for CHD.
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Silventoinen et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Coronary heart disease (n=19,999). Depression and high genetic susceptibility (polygenic risk score) vs. Main effects of depression and genetic susceptibility alone was evaluated on Fatal and non-fatal incident coronary heart disease events (HR 1.53, 95% CI 0.95-2.45, p=0.217). Individuals with both depression and high genetic susceptibility had a somewhat higher risk of incident coronary heart disease than predicted by their main effects alone (interaction HR 1.53).
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