Pulsed field ablation-based pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: practical approach and device interrogation (PFA in CIEDs)

Fig. 1. Baseline fluoroscopic position of the cardiac device

Fig. 2. Transseptal puncture under guidance of fluoroscopy

Fig. 3. Angiography of pulmonary veins at baseline

Fig. 4. Exchange of steerable sheath into the left atrium using over-the-wire technique

Fig. 5. Pulsed field ablation approach of each pulmonary vein

Fig. 6. Electro gram and pacemaker recording during pulsed field ablation

Fig. 7. Pre/post-PFA interrogations of the devices

Fig. 8. Graphic summary (central illustration)