Key result
Smokeless tobacco may modestly increase cardiovascular mortality and produce transient changes in heart rate and blood pressure, but does not increase atherosclerosis or myocardial infarction risk.
Why the study?
Does smokeless tobacco use increase cardiovascular risk compared to smoking or non-use?
Population
General population, including smokeless tobacco users and smokers
Comparison
Smokeless tobacco (ST) use vs Smoking or non-use
Design
Review
Authors
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May warrant clinician inquiry on ST use; leaves open causal CV effects without higher-quality evidence.
Does smokeless tobacco use increase cardiovascular risk compared to smoking or non-use?
Although smokeless tobacco carries less cardiovascular risk than smoking, it may modestly increase cardiovascular mortality and is less safe than nicotine replacement therapy.
Ziad Arabi (2006) conducted a review in Cardiovascular and metabolic effects. Smokeless tobacco vs. Smoking was evaluated. Smokeless tobacco may modestly increase cardiovascular mortality and produce transient changes in heart rate and blood pressure, but does not increase atherosclerosis or myocardial infarction risk.
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