Properties of spontaneous depolarizations in circular smooth muscle cells of rabbit urethra

Intracellular microelectrode recordings were made from circular smooth muscle of rabbit urethra. 2. The smooth muscle of urethra was spontaneously active exhibiting large, regularly occurring depolarizations, termed slow waves (SWs), 1-3 s in duration, up to 40 mV in amplitude and generated every 3-15 s and small irregularly occurring events (or summations there of) termed spontaneous transient depolarizations (STDs) of < 1 s in duration. 3. The SWs and STDs were not sensitive to 10(-6) M atropine, 10(-6) M phentolamine, 10(-5) M guanethidine or 10(-6) M tetrodotoxin, indicating that they were myogenic in origin. 4. Application of 3 x 10(-6) M nifedipine or 5 x 10(-5) M GdCl3 did not inhibit the generation of SWs or STDs, indicating that activation of L-type Ca2+ channels and non-selective cation channels are not essential for their generation. However, the duration of SWs but not STDs was reduced by nifedipine, indicating L-type Ca2+ channels contribute to the plateau-like potential of SWs. 5. Application of low chloride solution (6.4 mM), niflumic acid (10(-5) - 10(-4) M) or 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS, 10(-4) -5 x 10(-4) M) inhibited the generation of SWs and STDs, suggesting an involvement of chloride channels. 6. Application of nominally Ca2+ free solution, 5 x 10(-5) M BAPTA-AM, 10(-5) M cyclopiazonic acid, 10(-2) M caffeine or 10(-3) M procaine inhibited the generation of SWs and STDs, indicating that Ca2+ released from intracellular stores was required for the generation of SWs and STDs. 7. Exogenously applied noradrenaline (10(-7) - 10(-5) M) increased the frequency of SWs through stimulation of alpha-adrenoceptors which was inhibited by sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10(-4) M). SNP also reduced the frequency of SWs without altering the membrane potential, an effect mimicked by 8-bromocyclic GMP (10(-3) M) indicating that SNP acted by elevating the production of cyclic GMP. 8. It is concluded that smooth muscle cells of the rabbit urethra exhibit SWs and STDs which are likely to be induced by stimulation of Ca(2+)-activated chloride channels evoked by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.