Key result
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing plays an essential role in human health, with altered editing contributing to interferonopathies, neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
A-to-I RNA editing is a critical regulatory mechanism with significant implications for the pathogenesis and potential treatment of various human diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Altered A-to-I editing may contribute to cardiovascular disease; leaves open whether ADAR1 targeting offers clinical benefit.
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing of RNA leads to deamination of adenosine to inosine. Inosine is interpreted as guanosine by the cellular machinery, thus altering the coding, folding, splicing, or transport of transcripts. A-to-I editing is tightly regulated. Altered editing has severe consequences for human health and can cause interferonopathies, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular disease, as well as impacting on cancer progression. ADAR1-mediated RNA editing plays an important role in antiviral immunity and is essential for distinguishing between endogenous and viral RNA, thereby preventing autoimmune disorders. Interestingly, A-to-I editing can be used not only to correct genomic mutations at the RNA level but also to modulate tumor antigenicity with large therapeutic potential. We highlight recent developments in the field, focusing on cancer and other human diseases.
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Jain et al. (2019) conducted a review in Cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and interferonopathies. Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing was evaluated. Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing plays an essential role in human health, with altered editing contributing to interferonopathies, neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
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