Handrail support interference in cardiac autonomic modulation adjustments in young adults during maximal exercise testing

Figures

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  Figure 1. Hemodynamic and cardiopulmonary responses during different methods of ETT. (A) Graphical analysis of the VO2 for each test in T1 and T2, in which each line corresponds to a subject that connects the points representing the ETT (T1 and T2). (B–D) represent the graphs of mean HR, SBP and DBP at each stage of the T1 and T2 tests. ETT exercise treadmill testing stages without recovery, REC time interval of post-ETT recovery (3 min); Baseline rest; S1 stage one, S2 stage two, S3 stage three, S4 stage four; S5 stage five, S6 stage six. The values are represented by mean and standard deviation at each stage. The numbers of subjects that completed each stage for T1 and T2, respectively (S1: n = 35, 35; S2: n = 35, 35; S3: n = 35, 35; S4: n = 30, 28; S5: n = 21, 12; S6: n = 11, 1; S7: n = 3, 0). *p < 0.05: * indicates difference between groups in the specific stage.

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  Figure 2. Component dynamics of HRV frequency during ETT. Graphical analysis at each stage of the tests T1 and T2 for (A) the high frequency component (HF), (B) the low frequency component, (C) the ratio between LF and HF, and (D) very low frequency. The considered values correspond to the mean of all the tests performed in each execution mode, for each stage. ETT exercise treadmill testing stages without recovery, REC to the recovery period of the test (3 min), S1 stage one, S2 stage two, S3 stage three, S4 stage four, S5 stage five, S6 stage six, S7 stage seven. The values are represented by mean and standard deviation at each stage. The numbers of subjects that completed each stage for T1 and T2, respectively (S1: n = 35, 35; S2: n = 35, 35; S3: n = 35, 35; S4: n = 30, 28; S5: n = 21, 12; S6: n = 11, 1; S7: n = 3, 0). *p < 0.05. *Indicates difference between groups in the specific stage.